Combination key and permutation lock



' Oct. 6, 1942; o. v. LALONDE COMBINATION KEY AND PERMUTATION LOCK Filed Aug. 24, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Ospar Klaloruie W ATmRNEY: 1%

Oct. 6, 1942. o. v. LALONDE COMBINATION KEY AND PERMUTATION LOCK 2 w a 3 w e h m n MM 5 4 Nb R. .r H M w a m t ill, cY w/ Y m x, w u wv-O w m l m Patented Oct. 6, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COMBINATION KEY AND PERMU-TATI'ON LOCK Oscar V. Lalonde, Bronx, N. Y.

Npplic'ation August 24, 1940', Serial No. 354,032.

13 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in looks and more particularly to improvements in looks combining key and permutation operating mechanism.

An object of the present invention is to provide a new look mechanism wherein key operated parts and permutation operated parts have bolt actuating mechanisms substantially concentric.

Another object of the invention is to provide alock mechanism inwhich a bolt operating part extends beyond the end of the casing to operate a bolt, such part being actuated either by key controlled mechanism or by permutation controlled mechanism.

Another object of the invention is to provide in a lock of the foregoing character concentrically arranged parts for cooperation with a bolt, such parts being respectively key and permutation controlled.

A further object of the invention is to provide new, simple and eflicient permutation mechanism combined with a key operated lock of the tumbler pi'n type for alternative use.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a lock in which permutation mechais located for movement concentric with the core of the lock, which in turn has key operated mechanism eccentrically arranged therein, both the key operated mechanism and the permutation mechanism having concentric bolt operating portions.

Other features, objects; and advantages of the invention will be' apparent by reference to the following detailed description of the accompanyin g drawings wherein Fig. 1 is a vertical section with parts inelevation of alock embodying the invention;

2 is a section taken substantially on line Z- E-Qf Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a collective view of the portions of the operating mechanism associated with the key and permutation controlled elements-of the lock;

Fig. 4 is an end View oi" the lock shown in 1 illustrating the disposition of the permutation members thereon;

Fig. 5 is a section taken substantially on line E5 of Fig. 1

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view of one of the selector rings used in the permutation mechanism;

g; 7 is a similar viewof one of the adjustable permutation operating springs;

Fig; 8 is. a perspective View of the trip used in the permutation mechanism;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the locking dog used in thesame mechanism;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken substantially on the line |0|0 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 11:. is a collective view of parts of the invention ina modified form thereof.

Referrin to the drawings and particularly to Figs. 1 to 5' inclusive, I0 indicates a metallic core member of the type commonly employed in looks utilizing pin tumbler arrangements. This core is of substantially cylindrical form for the main part thereof and has an eccentrically disposed counterbore'd through opening I l therein for the reception of a flanged cylinder I21 The cylinder I'2 has a keyway extending thereinto and has a plurality of openings I 4 in the periphery" thereof and extending radially thereof for the reception of the usual pins I5. The'core" l6 hasaplurality of openings l6 aligned under: certainv conditions with the openings [4 and having complemen'tarypins' ll therein normally forced toward the cylinder 42 by springs I BC retained inplac'e by a keeper l9. This much of the lock is a conventional form and requires no further illustration or description.

The core H] has a plurality of peripheral grooves therein in which are frictionally seated split spring ring members 20 21, and 22. These rings are of similar constructionbeing so formed that a; relatively Wide gap exists between the endparts thereof as shown in Fig. 6; the ring 2 thereof being shown in fragmentary form with a gap 2w between its end parts. Each of the rings 20 21, and 22' has a groove 25 extending therearound and having a boundary flange so notched with oppositely disposed notches as to provide a plurality of upstanding shoulder parts 26. The space between adjacent shoulder parts is of such width as to receive one of the fingers 21 extending from each side of the end of a spring member 28 which is wide enough to fit in'to the groove cut in the surface (i-f a ring} The'spri'ng 28 shown in Fig. 7 is illustrated as having fingers?! at each end thereof, but such spring 28 is utilized only on the ring 22' with other springs 28" on rings 26 and 2 5 having: fingers 27" at one end thereof only. The purpose of these parts will be explained later;

The core HI-h'asa recess 38 formed therein and extending from near the front end of the core the: remainder of the full length thereof. The mouth of thisrec'ess 39 as shown in Fig. 5 is of "a'width corresponding substantially to the gap 24 between the ends of either of the rings 20, 2|, or 22. A trip member 3| preferably formed from sheet metal is mounted in the recess 36. The lower edge of the trip member 3| is rolled into substantially a complete tube with extensions 32 and 34 at the ends thereof. A part of the trip 3| also has its edge portion rolled as at 35 and a tongue 36 is struck from the body of the member intermediate its ends. The trip is provided with a lever portion 31 near one end of the body part thereof. The extensions 32 and 34 are provided to mount the trip for limited rotary movement, the extension 34 fitting in a suitable opening in the front part of the core While the extension 32 fits in an opening in the bottom wall of a housing shell to be described later. A spring 38 has one end seated in a suitable enlargement in the bottom of the recess 30 while the other end engages the tongue 36 to normally force the trip 3| upwardly as shown in Fig. 5.

The permutation operating member comprises a sleeve 46 which fits around the core |0 mak ing a snug fit with the flange It) at the front end of this core. The forward end of the sleeve 40 is enlarged as at 4| with the inner surface thereof sloped outwardly as at 42 to provide a surface on which numerals (Fig. 4) can be located in a readily visible position. The opposite end of the sleeve 40 has an inwardly extending annular shoulder part or partition wall 44, the inner surface of which fits against a step cut in the periphery of the core ID. A tab or lug 45 is struck from the body of the shell adjacent the partition 44.

A gear ring 46 is positioned with one side thereof resting against a side of the partition 44 and with the inner edge thereof fitting in a cut-out part of the core Ill. The ring 46 has a plurality of teeth 41 cut in the inner surface thereof and extending over a part of the length of the ring. As shown in Fig. 2, the ring 46 is not a complete ring but has its ends separated a distance sufiicient to permit the mounting between these ends of a dog 48. One end of the dog 48 is rounded as at 49 to fit in a suitable recess in one end of the ring. A part of the dog is cut away to provide a recess 50 into which the upper end of the member 31 of trip 3| can extend. The upper surface of the dog 46 has substantially the same curvature as the ring 46 but is provided with an extension 5|, one end of which is square as at 52 and the other end of which is sloped as at 53. An opening 494' in the wall of member 49 is of size to receive the extension 5| under certain conditions.

The parts previously described are held in assembly in the manner set forth and further by the aid of a shell member 55 which is of general cup shape and which is secured to the core by a screw 56 passing through the bottom of the cup member 55 into a threaded aperture in the core. This bottom also has apertures therein aligned with threaded apertures in the core for the reception of bolt members 51 utilized in securing the lock structure in place in a door or other support. The bottom also has an opening therein for the reception of the extension 32 of the trip 3| before mentioned.

The lock actuating mechanisms associated with this device are shown in Fig. 3. The cylinder l2 has the end thereof so shaped as to provide two substantially wedge shaped fingers 58 in diametrically opposite disposition. In connection with these fingers, use is made of a blade member 59, the side edges of which are substantially stepped to have a part 66 of one width, 9. part 6| slightly wider, and an end part 62 still wider. The end part 62 is shaped in such fashion as to extend diametrically across the end of the cylinder l2 in contact with edges of the fingers 58. Also use is made of a gear member 64 which has a gear sector 65 in the periphery thereof and which has a through opening 66 with wedge shaped fingers 61 in diametrically opposite disposition extending into the opening. This opening 66 is of such dimensions that it can fit around the part 6| of the blade 59, and is of such diameter that the teeth 65 can engage the teeth 41 of the ring 46. Due to the increased width of a part 62 of blade 59 it follows that when the member 64 has been properly positioned on the blade, this part 62 cannot be withdrawn through the opening 66 of member 64. Thus, the parts can be assembled with the end part 62 of blade 59 in position against the end of cylinder I2 and then the member 64 positioned immediately against the end surfaces of the fingers 58. The excess of part 6| and the end part of the blade can extend through an opening in the bottom of the cup shell 55.

The operation and use of this look mechanism are substantially as follows: With the parts assembled relative to the core, the permutation sleeve and the casing shell, such parts assume the relative position in Figs. 1, 2, and 5. Assuming that use is to be made of the key K for operating the lock, the key can be introduced into the cylinder l2 and this cylinder rotated in the fashion customary with locks employing pin tumblers as shown, When the cylinder I2 is rotated counterclockwise, the members 58 bear against the end of the blade 56 and cause this blade to rotate with the cylinder as a unit. During this type of operation one Or more of the rings 26, 2|, and 22 have parts extending across the mouth of recess 39, thereby depressing trip 3|, and consequently dog 48 through lever 31, so that gear member 64 and ring 46 can be moved along with the blade if required.

If the permutation part of the mechanism is to be used instead of the key, the sleeve 46 can be rotated first in one direction and then in another to set the parts associated therewith into such position that they can actuate the blade 59. For this reason, the rings 26, 2|, and 22 fit in their respective grooves in the periphery of the core with sufficient friction to insure each ring remaining in any position, to which it is moved by the proper selective mechanism, after this mechanism has released contact therewith. For example, in one set-up of the permutation mechanism, the sleeve 49 is rotated counter-clockwise first so that tab or lug 45 picks up one of the fingers 21 on the spring 28 engaged with ring 22. This counterclockwise rotation is continued until one of the opposite'fingers 2'! on spring 28 engages a finger 21 on the spring associated with ring 2| and further until the opposite finger 27 on this same spring picks up finger 2'! on the spring associated with the ring 26. The operator, knowing the combination necessary to operate this permutation mechanism, continues the counterclockwise rotation of the sleeve 46 until the first number of the combination has been reached (with the proper number of turns) at which time the gap 24 between the ends of the spring 26 will be in register with the mouth of recess 36 in the core. The sleeve 49 is then rotated clockkwise. v en o i vme ll c hem auses the lug 45 to pick up finger 2l first engaged and n inue m m nt n:.; h s: di ecti n; to; th third numb r: of these 'ne i n. rinssz beiean lseintmah m;

a. a a. Whe ll; thr fthe ngs a B so a i ne hez tri-m tends o -f0r e t ip 3. RW@ 11Y'-' Q Q:tll flllst w en th nds: t e tines and: L he same e r s the e & utw rdly-1 t the; l t: or tess 49 t e, e d 1 w he; member: l! a pectwitnthe extens ona -a he dos this: tension s r d. n o he; 1. Ho ev r nden certain combination settings; these partswill not be in register-but can be brought intcy register yo emov m t: Qt; hemernben-tm. This movement Will-be carried outslowly so th os an O d' l90 nsasemsnhwth: When, u n a ement akes la e; i clockwise rotation of themember 4'0 causes move; ment-of-the dog and cf the ring-Alton th r t n th m mber: 4;- uee hem eetht-tt nd, 41. Ro ation he'mem 1 after aninter nal brings the; finger l in o;co;r 1; tact. with fiatsunfaces-of; blade; Bit-and this; bl de a -be t t l hemembhfl:ue lit a strikes the stationary-members 58 The: mqvee, ment ofthe blade which can be accomplished-4s sufficient oe t o r then-mechemsm associat d with k,-v QUQFQIE I QSWiSQ mo ent o he mem r s stores epa ts to the Fig; 2; position so. that when theme en 64 is loc ed ase n t v mentilb th: si' nsase ment with the gearless; partthereot With-Q tapered inner surface of ring lfi andby clamping of t-he blade 59 betweenssets of mem ersijland- 1 7 v e ov m n nre ses the 1 since one edge of the slot 49 canrideroy ezg-the slope 53 on the os s n,- suthte t nue amore-t mentwill cause the lug to move-the ring;2;2;t o

such an extent as to upset the established permu tation or combination setting, requiring the operation of the parts in the mannepbe-fpre dfi: scribed to again effectuate operationof the-per-t mutation mechanism The purpose of having; fingersl 1- -on;ea\ih; endgQi .35

relative to the ring; with whjghthey, are.; ass 0 c at since each r nshaszs ic snt shqulsi rs It to provide a large number of; slots; into which the fi e n n r d; The rranetmsntwhem: in he l e 5: e ained; in assem ly y r slq t ive fin ers: n.

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3 :3, 915,; In gs 1 med fi d re sem s. Qff elt actuating mechanism has been shown. N a ran ment smcdifiefi on rmi Qr; d t ils n tz sta e 1H cylinder-i esfi enfnitiiie z withtae t s eer I 5 of reduced diameter. Theinner end oi thistpora tion: H4- has; flats- H5 an d is; provided with an as hreaded; aper r er-1 th e en ien one stew net hewn- A; se r; m m e I 64 hasr eetlt herewifit'z' mi e otth; 5:- 'Ehemembee'ti has; a: bone; .sufi e iemtt s- Q ta. ee o etah ee qut he t ns n I Ihe ems e I 4 als has? portion; 5 e du e iiame es anti: hisv part: fia as fla s I 8 herew- The rts e ass m l n; a 9 1;. s etute. in the same manner as the parts I2 and Gigrevicushy described and; aiterthe; shell; has ,1 been see -r d: in late; y he, s rew 6, hen ,the-bb tz t ueti namembsr; 1.- ntm te a Qn e he- M t he. member t -r t thefi tst I II t h new ure heme bet, t en a i g hei a s; Tb. xtensiee MttX indeI E i s o enpnsi aextend beyontt send fmemb r-- 5 s hat; asecomi lt at uetingmemb t m n-fit nhe em! Qfi he xten ipn 14 i h: the; at w lls 1 1 in the st tz nses-iesthe e strew; s b prelme t ori can e h eaded: n he pe uren he en vof e eX ens on- 1- K tine me h nis a le 5 This; b t. on equent it- Sari a 1. o; aus th tse d: n s-s 9; het r o;

xt nd: be n the dge o a dc t. H hese, par s; re a sem e w th; he

e e qus r r ed he w amiiflr xt d. ntQ- e; Slot "i and: he to he. wa of h l t nea t t e; lock ey m dt h n; n t ti n, f: cy ind ausesm en o he member $66 so the theupper-egtensior ot-thm mem lt enmq ethe be t es ins r h in 8 o; dra ttte be to lle e rh e i s e s: m -s o c mme ia e he ta p arscr: w i rrinsfthis, p rat n. n the th m tation controlled mechanism; iss belt I10; is rotated thrcug h the; I, ac n a ns the eaewa t he. me ma n r wh l e 0 s et na y- .V t;x w ll: e seen at t IHRE-QYQQJQQK; l ustte sdseett described herein possesses advantages not present in prior art devices. In either form of the mechanism, concentric parts are provided for moving a bolt, a switch, or any other desired movable member, and such parts can be operated either by key controlled mechanism or by permutation controlled mechanism. Thus, in either case, a minimum of parts extending beyond the confines of the lock assembly is necessary for efficient operation. It will be understood that modifications beyond the illustrated embodiments can be accomplished; in view of which any limitations imposed upon the invention are to be only those set forth in the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a lock of the type described, a key controlled rotary member for actuating bolt mechanism, and a permutation controlled rotary member for actuating the bolt mechanism, said rotary members being in substantially side-by-side relation and being substantially concentric, each of said rotary members being rotatable while the other is held against rotation.

2. In a lock of the type described, a housing, a key controlled rotary member extending outside said housing for actuating bolt mechanism, and a permutation controlled rotary member extending outside said housing for actuating the bolt mechanism, said rotary members being in substantially side-by-side relation and being substantially concentric, each of said rotary members being rotatable While the other is held against rotation.

3. In a lock of the type described, a bolt actuating blade, a key controlled rotary member for rotating said blade, and a permutation controlled rotary member for rotating said blade, said rotary members being in substantially side-by-side relation and being substantially concentric, each of said rotary members being rotatable While the other is held against rotation, and each serving as a stop to limit rotation of the blade under the impetus of the other rotary member.

4. In a lock of the type described, a bolt actuating blade, a key controlled cylinder for rotating said blade, and a permutation controlled rotary member for rotating said blade, said rotary member being substantially concentric to said cylinder in substantially side-by-side relation to the end thereof and having formations cooperating with formations on the blade to hold the blade in assembly with the rotary member and the cylinder.

5. In a lock of the type described, a housing shell, a bolt actuating blade extending beyond said shell, a key controlled cylinder in said shell for rotating said blade, said blade being connected to the inner end of said cylinder and a permutation controlled rotary member in said shell in substantially side-by-side relation with said inner end of the cylinder and connected to said blade for rotating the blade, said cylinder and said rotary member each being rotatable while the other is held against rotation.

6. In a lock of the type described, a core, a key controlled pin tumbler cylinder therein, permutation mechanism on the periphery of said core, bolt actuating mechanism in line with said cylinder and moved thereby, and bolt actuating mechanism connected to said permutation mechanism for operation thereby, said bolt actuating mechanisms being substantially concentrically arranged in substantially side-by-side relation.

'7. In a lock of the type described, a housing shell, a core, a key controlled pin tumbler cylinder therein, permutation mechanism on the periphery of said core, bolt actuating mechanism extending beyond said shell in line with said cylinder and moved thereby, and bolt actuating mechanism extending beyond said shell and connected to said permutation mechanism for operation thereby, said bolt actuating mechanisms being substantially concentrically arranged in substantially side-by-side relation and being independently operable.

8. In a lock of the type described, a housing shell, a core, a key controlled pin tumbler cylinder therein, permutation mechanism on the periphery of said core, a bolt actuating member extending beyond said shell in line with said cylinder and moved thereby, and a connection between said bolt actuating member and said permutation mechanism whereby said member can be moved selectively by said cylinder and said permutation mechanism, said connection being disposed in substantially side-by-side relation with the end of said cylinder.

9. In a lock of the type described, a housing shell, a core, a key controlled pin tumbler cylinder therein and having one end extending beyond said shell, permutation mechanism on the periphery of said core, a bolt actuating member on the extending end of said cylinder, and a sleeve rotatable about the extending end of the cylinder, said sleeve being connected to said ermutation mechanism for operation thereby, and a bolt actuating member secured to said sleeve adjacent the first mentioned bolt actuating member.

10. In a lock of the type described, a core, a key controlled cylinder therein, a plurality of spring ring rotatable in grooves spaced longitudinally of the periphery of said core, finger members selectively located in slots in said rings and having overlapping paths of movement, a tubular member surrounding said rings and having a formation adapted to engage a finger member of one of said rings to rotate all of said rings, a bolt actuating member at the end of said core and connected to said cylinder for movement thereby, means for connecting said bolt actuating member to said tubular member, and a trip, movable when the rings are in proper position, to operate said means whereby said bolt actuating member can be moved under the impetus of said tubular member.

11. In a lock of the type described, a core, a key controlled cylinder therein, a plurality of spring rings rotatable in grooves spaced longitudinally of the periphery of said core, finger members selectively located in slots in said rings, a tubular member surrounding said rings and having a formation adapted to engage afinger member of one of said rings to rotate said ring, a finger member of one ring being engageable with a finger member of an adjacent ring, a bolt ac tuating member at the end of said core, means to connect said bolt actuating member and said tubular member when the rings are in proper position, for causing movement of said bolt actuating member under the impetus of said tubular member, and means for independently moving said bolt actuating member under the impetus of said cylinder.

12. In a lock of the type described, a core, a key controlled cylinder therein, a bolt actuating blade connected to said cylinder for movement therewith, a plurality of spring rings rotatable in grooves spaced longitudinally of the periphery of said core, finger members selectively located in slots in said rings, a tubula member surrounding said rings and having a formation adapted to engage a finger member of one of said rings to rotate said ring, a finger member of one ring being engageable with a finger member of an adjacent ring, and means for connecting said tubular member to said blade when the rings are in proper position, for moving said blade under the impetus of said tubular member.

13. In a lock of the type described, a core, a

key controlled cylinder therein, a bolt actuating member secured to the end of the cylinder, a plurality of spring rings rotatable in grooves spaced longitudinally of the periphery of said core, engageable finger members, selectively located in slots in said rings, a tubular member surrounding said rings and having a formation adapted to engage a finger member of one of said rings, to rotate all of said rings, a second bolt actuating member concentric with the first bolt actuating member, and means for connecting said second bolt actuating member and said tubular member when the rings are in proper position, for causing movement of said second bolt actuating member under the impetus of said tubular member.

OSCAR V. LALONDE. 

